The earliest evidence of this is from France. There, the tradition is called Poisson d’avril or April Fish, since, on that day, the French will often tape a cardboard fish onto someone’s backside or send them on a fool’s errand.

No one is positive when the tradition started. The most common theory is that it began in the late 16th century, with the change from the Julian to the Gregorian Calendar.

The Julian Calendar that had been in use until that time had been developed 1600 years earlier, at the order of Julius Caesar, and it had worked very well for many years. But by the 16th century the seasons had grown out of alignment with the date. A new calendar was developed under the auspices of Pope Gregory XIII and the Catholic countries of Europe were quick to adopt it. (It took much longer for the Protestant countries to make the switch which meant that, for several centuries, two different calendars were in use in Europe. But that’s another story!)

Before switching to the Gregorian calendar, different regions of Europe celebrated the New Year on different days. Under the old Julian Calendar, the Catholic Church and much of France began the New Year on March 25th. The festivities were like a spring festival and they lasted until April 1st.

After the switch to the Gregorian Calendar was made, the New Year was officially decreed to be January 1st.

But many people resisted the change. They were used to doing things the old way and saw no reason to switch. Others simply hadn’t heard about the new calendar. All those people kept celebrating the New Year from March 25th until April 1st.

The legend is that the people who changed over to the Gregorian Calendar would play tricks on the ones who wouldn’t change. In France they called the ones who hadn’t made the change, poissons d’avril or April Fish. Fish were young in April so they were considered naïve, and therefore easier to catch. Or in the case of people, easier to fool, hence poissons d’avril.

This is all very interesting. But who knows, the whole story may just be a trick someone’s playing on us!

Happy April Fool’s Day!

Lisa

The expression Beware the Ides of March can mean beware of impending danger.

If someone says Beware the Ides of March referring to March 15th itself, it can have the sense of March 15th being a bad luck day, just like Friday the 13th.

The word “ides” originally referred to the day of the full moon every month. Eventually, with the change in the calendar system, it referred to the 15th of the month in any month that has 31 days (March, May, July and October) and it referred to the 13th of the month in all other months of the year.

The origin of the sinister meaning of the Ides of March is the fact that this is the actual day that Julius Caesar was assassinated in 44 BC by some Roman Senators.

The Romans had gotten rid of their kings hundreds of years earlier and they were proud of the fact that they were a Republic. (Although only the rich had a say in government and a large proportion of the population were slaves.) The Senators killed Caesar because they were worried that he was gaining too much power for any one man.

After Caesar was killed, the people of Rome were unhappy about his death. Those senators involved in his assassination had to leave the city.

The Senators’ plans to forestall despotic rule in Rome failed. After Caesar’s death, his adopted son Augustus became Emperor. The Republic was never restored.

Over 1500 years later, William Shakespeare wrote the play Julius Caesar. That’s where the phrase Beware the Ides of March comes from. In the play, a soothsayer said it to Julius Caesar on the day of his assassination.

So, if it’s March 15th… Beware!

Lisa